Ninth Circuit
Federal courts continue to express doubts about arbitration agreements in employment cases. Affirming the district court, the Ninth Circuit rejected an employer’s use of the alter ego doctrine to enforce an arbitral clause when the employer wasn’t a signatory to the agreement.YANG v. MAJESTIC BLUE FISHERIES, LLC
Yang Died When The Employer’s Ship Sank In Fair Weather
Chang Yeol Yang was a seaman aboard the F/V Majestic Blue, the oldest ship in its fleet. The ship had been sold for a mere $10 to Defendant/Appellant Majestic Blue Fisheries by another company owned by the same family. Yang’s widow, Plaintiff/Respondent Esther Yang, alleged that the ship was not seaworthy, and that the crew was incompetent, resulting in the ship sinking in fair weather and her husband’s death at sea.
The Employer Tried To Enforce An Arbitral Clause
Because Respondent Majestic Blue Fisheries is a foreign entity, it attempted to enforce an arbitration clause through the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, an act implementing a treaty of the same name. The Ninth Circuit analyzed this law and determined that, because Majestic Blue Fisheries was not a signatory to the agreement with the arbitration clause, that Act specifically precluded its enforcement.
The Ninth Circuit Held That A Non-Signatory Can’t Use Equitable Arguments To Enforce Arbitration
More pertinent to employment practitioners, however, is the court’s analysis about Respondent’s attempt to use the equitable doctrines of alter ego, agency, and estoppel to enforce the arbitral clause.
Pointing out that Respondents had “affirmatively represented to the district court that Dongwon and Majestic were ‘separate and
Most importantly, the Ninth Circuit analyzed California law to determine that “the alter ego rationale ‘applies only to’ breach of contract claims, and not statutory claims. The court rejected Respondents’ argument that federal law favors arbitration agreements, standing firm with consistent authority that “the federal policy . . . ‘is inapposite when the question is whether a particular party is bound by the arbitration agreement.’”
Conclusion
The courts continue to protect the rights of litigants to access the court system even in the face of arbitration agreements, especially when non-signatories seek to enforce them.
Ninth Circuit, November 30, 2017 opinion by Nguyen, 2015 WL 5003606
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